Pet Anal glands info sheet

What are anal glands?
Anal glands, or anal sacs, are two small scent glands located at the 4 and 8 o’clock positions just under the skin beside your dog’s or cat’s anus. These glands produce a pungent, oily fluid that is normally expelled in small amounts when your pet defecates, serving purposes such as marking territory and communication with other animals.

The anal glands fill with fluid, which should be expressed naturally when your pet defecates.

The fluid produced in the anal glands is unique to each animal and is dispersed for scent-marking purposes.

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Function and Normal Health

• The glands typically empty themselves as firm stool presses against them during bowel movements, releasing a unique, smelly secretion.​
• Healthy anal glands help lubricate defecation and convey chemical information for social interactions.​

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Anal gland problems

• In some pets, especially small or overweight dogs, the glands can become impacted, infected, or even form abscesses if the fluid isn’t expelled properly.​
• Signs of trouble include “scooting” (dragging the rear), foul odor, excessive licking or biting at the rectal area, swelling, or discomfort when sitting.​
• Impaction may lead to infections or abscesses that can rupture if not treated.​

Common causes for anal gland issues include obesity, poor anatomy, digestive problems, infection or loose stools.

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Symptoms of anal gland problems
If your pet is experiencing problems with their anal glands, they may show the following symptoms: scooting their bottom on the floor, licking or chewing at their rear end, foul- smelling discharge, redness and swelling of anal area.

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Prevention & treatment‍

• Routine gland expression may be necessary for pets prone to blockages; this is generally performed by a vet or trained groomer.
• discuss a diet plan with your veterinarian. It is important for your pet to have a healthy and balanced diet to prevent obesity and poor gastrointestinal health, as these can attribute to anal gland issues.
• Increasing the fibre in your pet’s diet can help to avoid anal gland issues. You can add fish oil and cooked fresh pumpkin to your pet’s diet to increase fibre content.
• Glandex is a supplement used to support healthy anal gland function and promotes natural emptying of the sacs. This product is available at the clinic.

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If your pet is experiencing issues with their anal glands, it is important that they see a vet. If left untreated, the anal glands can over-fill and may result in an infection or abscess.

Manual expression of the anal glands is advised if they are experiencing is advised if they are experiencing any symptoms, to avoid over-filling

If you think your pet needs their anal glands expressed, any of our nurses can do it!